What did the Jumano tribe do?

What did the Jumano tribe do?

Jumano were traders and hunters and were known to take on the role as middlemen between the Indian tribes and Spanish settlers. The term Jumano came about when Antonio de Espejo used the term to describe those living at La Junta in 1581.

How did the jumanos make their living?

Like other Pueblo people, the Jumano were farmers. Because they lived in such a dry land, it was hard to farm. Just as many modern Texas farmers do, the Jumano irrigated their crops by bringing water from nearby streams. The Jumano traded with other groups for things they could not grow or make.

What did the jumanos make?

Descendants of the earlier Anasazi culture, the Jumanos built perma- nent houses out of adobe bricks, which they made by drying clay mud in the sun.

Are the jumanos still alive?

The Jumano Nation is alive and well and is primarily composed of all family blood line. There are other Jumanos in the Ojinaga and Julimes areas and still practice the old traditions of the Jumano Indians.

Where do Jumano Indians live?

Although they ranged over much of northern Mexico, New Mexico, and Texas, their most enduring territorial base was in central Texas between the lower Pecos River and the Colorado. The Jumanos were buffalo hunters and traders, and played an active role as middlemen between the Spanish colonies and various Indian tribes.

How did the Jumano change their environment?

The Jumanos adapted to their environment by building houses out of mud blocks and drying them in the Sun. They also adapted their environment by hunting and gathering food and planting crops near the Rio Grande.

What type of government did the jumanos have?

Historians call them the Pueblo Jumano because they lived in villages. Each Jumano village had its own leader and its own government. Government is a system for ruling or running a town or country. Like other Pueblo people, the Jumano were farmers.

What happened to the jumano Indian tribe?

By 1750, the Jumano had nearly disappeared from the historic record as a distinct people; they appeared to have been absorbed by bands of Lipan and Mescalero Apache, Caddo, and Wichita; died of infectious diseases, or become detribalized when living at Spanish missions in Central Texas.

What houses did the jumano tribe live in?

They are called Puebloan because the houses and buildings they lived in are called Pueblos. A Pueblo is like a big apartment building. Most have two or more stories. The walls are usually made from large mud bricks called adobe bricks.

What natural resources did the jumano have?

Jumano-lived in permanent houses made of adobe along the Rio Grande. They were able to grow corn and other crops because they settled near the river. They also hunted buffalo and gathered wild plants for food.

What did the Jumano Indians do for a living?

The Jumanos were buffalo hunters and traders, and played an active role as middlemen between the Spanish colonies and various Indian tribes. Historical documents refer to Jumana, Humana, Sumana, Chouman, Xoman, and other variants of the name; but Jumano has been the standard form in twentieth-century scholarship.

Who was the Spanish governor of the Jumano Indians?

For at least part of this time, Juan Sabeata was a Spanish-appointed native governor, and the Jumanos and Cíbolos under his command served as scouts and mercenaries in fighting against rebellious Tobosos and Chisos.

What kind of people were the Jumanos of Texas?

Scholars agree that, at a minimum, the Jumanos comprised the nomadic bison-hunting people of the Pecos and Concho River valleys of Texas.

Why did the Jumano Indians wear long skirts?

► Eventually, to protect themselves from the harsh elements as well as from wild animals and insects, the Jumano Indians began to wear long skirts and moccasins. However, even after they learned how to make their own clothes, a lot of them still preferred not to wear clothes.